Back · Skeletal muscle
Trapezius (Upper Back & Neck)
The trapezius is a large diamond-shaped muscle of the upper back and neck. It moves and steadies the shoulder blades and supports the head — and is a common site of tension.
What it is
The trapezius is a broad, flat, kite-shaped muscle spanning the back of the neck and upper back, from the skull and spine to the shoulder blades.
Where it is
The upper back and back of the neck, on both sides of the spine.
What it does
Lifts, lowers and rotates the shoulder blades, and helps hold the head up and move the neck.
Everyday use
Shrugging, carrying bags, reaching overhead and holding your head up all use the trapezius.
When things go wrong
Common problems affecting the trapezius (upper back & neck)
- Neck and shoulder tension and knots
- Muscle strain
- Tension headaches linked to tight traps
Education and reference only. This explains the anatomy in plain terms and is not a diagnosis. Sudden severe symptoms — such as crushing chest pain or collapse — are an emergency; call 999.
Looking after it
Keeping it healthy
Good posture, regular movement breaks, and shoulder and neck stretches ease trapezius tension, which is often worsened by stress and desk work.
Did you know?
An interesting fact
The trapezius is one of the muscles that most often holds tension from stress and poor posture, causing the familiar tight, achy shoulders.
Answers
Trapezius (Upper Back & Neck): frequently asked questions
What does the trapezius do?
The trapezius moves and steadies the shoulder blades and helps support and move the head and neck.
Why do my shoulders feel tight and achy?
Tension in the trapezius from stress, poor posture or long periods at a desk is a very common cause. Regular movement, stretches and good posture usually help.
Related muscles
Explore the back
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Muscles and movement
- Gray's Anatomy for Students
- TeachMeAnatomy — muscular system
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