Solutions & prevention
Emergency contraception explained: what to do and when
Emergency contraception can prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex, a split condom, or a missed regular method — but it works best the sooner it is used. There are two main types, and knowing the options and where to get them quickly makes all the difference. This guide explains both, without doses.
Education and reference only. This article explains how treatments work in plain language — it contains no doses and is not a substitute for advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Always discuss your own treatment with a qualified clinician.
The two types
There are two forms of emergency contraception: the emergency contraceptive pill (the "morning-after pill", of which there are two kinds) and the emergency intrauterine device (the copper coil). They work in different ways and have different windows of use. The copper coil is the most effective option, while the pills are convenient and widely available. Which suits you depends on how much time has passed, your circumstances and your preferences.
The emergency pill — act quickly
The emergency contraceptive pills work mainly by delaying ovulation, so they are more effective the sooner they are taken after unprotected sex. One type can be used up to 3 days afterwards and another up to 5 days, but effectiveness falls the longer you wait — so speed matters. They do not work if ovulation has already happened, which is part of why the copper coil is more reliable. If you are sick shortly after taking a pill, seek advice as you may need another dose.
The copper coil — the most effective option
The copper coil (IUD) can be fitted up to 5 days after unprotected sex (or up to 5 days after the earliest expected ovulation) and is the most effective form of emergency contraception, preventing the great majority of pregnancies. It has the added advantage of then continuing as highly effective ongoing contraception if you choose to keep it. It needs fitting by a trained clinician, so it requires a clinic appointment.
Where to get it and what next
Emergency contraception is available free from GPs, sexual health (GUM) clinics, many pharmacies and some walk-in and urgent care services; the emergency pill can also be bought from pharmacies. Because timing is critical, it is worth acting straight away rather than waiting. Afterwards, it is a good moment to think about regular contraception, and a pregnancy test is advised if your next period is late, lighter or unusual. Emergency contraception does not protect against STIs, so testing may be worthwhile.
In short
Key takeaways
- Emergency contraception can prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex — sooner is more effective.
- The two types are the emergency pill (up to 3 or 5 days depending on type) and the copper coil (up to 5 days).
- The copper coil is the most effective option and can then continue as ongoing contraception.
- It is free from GPs, sexual health clinics and many pharmacies; the pill can also be bought.
- Take a pregnancy test if your next period is late, lighter or unusual, and consider STI testing.
Answers
Frequently asked questions
How long after sex can I use emergency contraception?
The emergency pills can be used up to 3 or 5 days afterwards depending on the type, but work better the sooner they are taken. The copper coil can be fitted up to 5 days after and is the most effective option.
Where can I get it?
Free from GPs, sexual health (GUM) clinics, many pharmacies and some urgent care services. The emergency pill can also be bought from a pharmacy.
Does it protect against STIs?
No. Emergency contraception only reduces the chance of pregnancy. If you may have been exposed to a sexually transmitted infection, consider getting tested at a sexual health clinic.
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- FSRH — Emergency contraception clinical guideline
- NHS — Emergency contraception (morning after pill, IUD)
- NICE CKS — Contraception (emergency)
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