Medicines for Golfer's elbow

What it is

Golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis) is pain and tenderness on the inner (medial) side of the elbow, where the tendons of the forearm muscles that bend the wrist and grip attach to the bony bump on the inside of the elbow. It is caused by overuse or repeated strain of these tendons, leading to small-scale damage and pain — the inner-elbow equivalent of tennis elbow (which affects the outer side). Despite the name, it is not just from golf: it can result from any repetitive gripping, wrist-bending or forearm activities, such as certain sports (golf, racquet sports, throwing), manual work, or repetitive tasks. The main symptom is pain and tenderness on the inner elbow, which may spread down the inner forearm, and is often brought on or worsened by gripping, lifting, or bending the wrist; there may be weakness of grip and stiffness. It usually comes on gradually. It is not serious, and, although it can be persistent and annoying, most cases improve over time with simple measures. It is diagnosed from the typical location and pattern of the pain.

How it is treated

Golfer's elbow usually settles with a conservative approach, though it can take time (often several weeks to months). The key measures involve reducing the strain on the tendons and allowing them to recover, while keeping the arm gently moving. Helpful steps include: modifying or resting from the activities that aggravate it (rather than complete immobility), and adjusting technique or equipment where relevant; simple pain relief and, in the early painful phase, ice; and, importantly, exercises — a physiotherapist can guide stretching and strengthening exercises for the forearm tendons (including specific loading exercises), which are effective at helping the tendon recover and preventing recurrence. A support such as a brace or strap can help some people. Because it is an overuse tendon problem, gradually building back activity and addressing the cause (technique, ergonomics, or training load) are important to prevent it returning. For persistent cases not responding to these measures, other treatments (such as injections, or occasionally other approaches) are sometimes considered, though exercise-based rehabilitation remains central. The reassuring message is that golfer's elbow is not serious and usually improves with rest from aggravating activities, pain relief, and forearm exercises, though it can take time — so patience and consistency with rehabilitation help.