Medicines for Cannabis use disorder

What it is

Cannabis use disorder is when using cannabis becomes harmful or difficult to control, affecting a person's health, mental wellbeing, relationships, work or studies. While many people who use cannabis do not become dependent, regular use — especially of stronger forms and from a younger age — can lead to dependence, with cravings, needing more for the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms (such as irritability, sleep problems, low mood and reduced appetite) when stopping. Regular or heavy cannabis use can also affect motivation, memory and concentration, worsen anxiety, and is associated with a higher risk of mental health problems including psychosis, particularly in those who start young, use frequently, or use high-strength cannabis, or who are already vulnerable. Recognising problematic use, without judgement, is the first step to getting help.

How it is treated

Support focuses on helping the person cut down or stop, and on addressing any effects on their health and life. Talking therapies and structured support from drug and alcohol services are effective, helping people understand their use, manage cravings and withdrawal, and develop other ways to cope with the reasons behind their use (such as stress, sleep problems or low mood). There is no specific "substitute" medicine as there is for some other drugs, so psychological and practical support is central, along with treating any coexisting mental health conditions, which is important as cannabis use and mental health often interact. Setting goals, managing triggers, and support during withdrawal all help. The key messages are that problematic cannabis use is common and can be changed, that help is available and confidential, and that reducing use benefits both physical and mental health.