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Skin Biopsy
A skin biopsy removes a small sample of skin to examine under a microscope, used to diagnose skin conditions and cancers.
Quick answer
Skin Biopsy: what it is and what the results mean
A skin biopsy takes a small sample of skin for laboratory examination. Common types include a punch biopsy (a small circular core), a shave biopsy (a thin surface slice) and an excision biopsy (removing a whole lesion).
- Why it is done: It is used to diagnose skin cancers, rashes and other skin conditions, and to confirm whether a mole or growth is harmless or needs further treatment.
- Understanding results: A specialist examines the sample under a microscope and reports the diagnosis.
What it is
A skin biopsy takes a small sample of skin for laboratory examination. Common types include a punch biopsy (a small circular core), a shave biopsy (a thin surface slice) and an excision biopsy (removing a whole lesion).
Why it is done
It is used to diagnose skin cancers, rashes and other skin conditions, and to confirm whether a mole or growth is harmless or needs further treatment.
What to expect
The area is numbed with local anaesthetic, then a small sample is taken; you may feel pressure but not pain. Depending on the type, you may need a stitch. It usually takes 15–30 minutes, and results follow in a couple of weeks.
Understanding the results
A specialist examines the sample under a microscope and reports the diagnosis. Results guide whether any further treatment is needed, such as removing more tissue or treating a skin condition.
Good to know
Risks and limitations
It is generally safe, with small risks of bleeding, infection and scarring. A biopsy samples one area, so occasionally it does not fully explain the problem and a repeat or larger sample is needed.
Education and reference only. This explains the test in general terms and is not medical advice. Always follow the specific instructions from the team arranging your test, and discuss your results with your clinician.
Answers
Skin Biopsy: frequently asked questions
Will a skin biopsy leave a scar?
A small scar is possible, especially with larger samples or stitches, though many heal to a fine mark. The team will explain what to expect for your particular biopsy.
How long do skin biopsy results take?
Results usually take a couple of weeks, as the sample must be processed and examined under a microscope by a specialist. Your team will arrange how you will get the result.
Related tests
Other other investigations
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — diagnostic guidance
- Relevant royal college / professional body
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