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Tympanometry
Tympanometry tests how well the eardrum moves and checks the middle ear, useful for detecting fluid or pressure problems, especially in children.
Quick answer
Tympanometry: what it is and what the results mean
Tympanometry measures how the eardrum responds to changes in air pressure. A small soft probe in the ear canal changes the pressure and records the eardrum’s movement, showing how the middle ear is working.
- Why it is done: It is used to detect fluid behind the eardrum (glue ear), assess ear infections, check the function of the middle ear and the drum, and help investigate hearing problems, particularly in children.
- Understanding results: The test produces a graph (tympanogram) showing eardrum movement.
What it is
Tympanometry measures how the eardrum responds to changes in air pressure. A small soft probe in the ear canal changes the pressure and records the eardrum’s movement, showing how the middle ear is working.
Why it is done
It is used to detect fluid behind the eardrum (glue ear), assess ear infections, check the function of the middle ear and the drum, and help investigate hearing problems, particularly in children.
What to expect
A soft probe is placed gently in the ear canal and you hear some sounds and feel slight pressure changes for a few seconds per ear. It is painless and very quick; you need to stay still and quiet.
Understanding the results
The test produces a graph (tympanogram) showing eardrum movement. Flattened or shifted patterns suggest fluid, pressure problems or a perforation, helping guide treatment such as monitoring, medicines or referral.
Good to know
Risks and limitations
It is completely safe and painless. It assesses the middle ear rather than measuring hearing directly, so it is usually combined with hearing tests for a full picture.
Education and reference only. This explains the test in general terms and is not medical advice. Always follow the specific instructions from the team arranging your test, and discuss your results with your clinician.
Answers
Tympanometry: frequently asked questions
Does tympanometry test hearing?
Not directly. It checks how the eardrum and middle ear are working, which can affect hearing, so it is usually done alongside a hearing test to give a complete assessment.
Is it suitable for young children?
Yes. It is quick, painless and commonly used in children to detect glue ear and middle ear problems, provided the child can stay reasonably still for a few seconds.
Related tests
Other other investigations
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — diagnostic guidance
- Relevant royal college / professional body
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