Surgery
Haemorrhoidectomy
A haemorrhoidectomy is an operation to remove severe or persistent haemorrhoids (piles) that have not improved with other treatments.
Quick answer
Haemorrhoidectomy: what it is, why it's done and what happens
A haemorrhoidectomy removes the swollen blood vessels (haemorrhoids) in and around the back passage. Other options include banding or stapling, but surgical removal is used for larger or persistent piles.
- Why it is done: It is used for large (third- or fourth-degree) haemorrhoids, or ones causing bleeding, pain or prolapse that have not responded to lifestyle measures, creams or less invasive treatments like banding.
- What happens: Under general or spinal anaesthetic, the surgeon removes the haemorrhoids.
What it is
A haemorrhoidectomy removes the swollen blood vessels (haemorrhoids) in and around the back passage. Other options include banding or stapling, but surgical removal is used for larger or persistent piles.
Why it is done
It is used for large (third- or fourth-degree) haemorrhoids, or ones causing bleeding, pain or prolapse that have not responded to lifestyle measures, creams or less invasive treatments like banding.
What happens
Under general or spinal anaesthetic, the surgeon removes the haemorrhoids. It is often a day-case procedure taking around 30 minutes, with no external stitches needed in many cases.
Recovery
The area is usually painful for one to two weeks, especially when opening the bowels. Pain relief, stool softeners, plenty of fluids and fibre, and salt baths help. Most people return to normal within two to three weeks.
Good to know
Risks and things to consider
Common effects are pain and some bleeding. Less common risks include difficulty passing urine, infection, narrowing of the back passage, and rarely problems with bowel control. Haemorrhoids can occasionally return.
Education and reference only. This explains the procedure in general terms and is not medical advice. Your own care, risks and recovery will be explained by the team looking after you.
Answers
Haemorrhoidectomy: frequently asked questions
Is haemorrhoid surgery very painful?
The area is typically sore for one to two weeks, particularly when opening the bowels. Regular pain relief, stool softeners and warm baths make a big difference to comfort during healing.
Can haemorrhoids come back after surgery?
Surgical removal is effective, but haemorrhoids can occasionally return. A high-fibre diet, plenty of fluids and avoiding straining help reduce the chance of recurrence.
Related
Other surgery
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — procedure and treatment guidance
- Relevant Royal College / professional body
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