Surgery
Nephrectomy
A nephrectomy removes all or part of a kidney, usually to treat kidney cancer or a badly damaged kidney.
Quick answer
Nephrectomy: what it is, why it's done and what happens
A nephrectomy removes a whole kidney (radical) or the affected part (partial). It can be done by keyhole or open surgery, depending on the reason and the kidney involved.
- Why it is done: It is used mainly for kidney cancer, and also for a kidney that is severely damaged, non-functioning, chronically infected, or being donated for transplant.
- What happens: Under general anaesthetic, the surgeon removes the kidney or part of it, often through keyhole cuts.
What it is
A nephrectomy removes a whole kidney (radical) or the affected part (partial). It can be done by keyhole or open surgery, depending on the reason and the kidney involved.
Why it is done
It is used mainly for kidney cancer, and also for a kidney that is severely damaged, non-functioning, chronically infected, or being donated for transplant.
What happens
Under general anaesthetic, the surgeon removes the kidney or part of it, often through keyhole cuts. The other kidney usually takes over the work. The operation typically takes a few hours.
Recovery
Keyhole surgery allows quicker recovery, often a few weeks, while open surgery takes longer. Kidney function is monitored, and most people manage well with one healthy kidney.
Good to know
Risks and things to consider
Risks include bleeding, infection, and injury to nearby organs. Long-term kidney function depends on the health of the remaining kidney, which is checked regularly afterwards.
Education and reference only. This explains the procedure in general terms and is not medical advice. Your own care, risks and recovery will be explained by the team looking after you.
Answers
Nephrectomy: frequently asked questions
Can I live with one kidney?
Yes. One healthy kidney can usually do the work of two, and many people live normally with a single kidney. Function is monitored, and looking after blood pressure and general health is important.
What is the difference between partial and radical nephrectomy?
A partial nephrectomy removes only the diseased part of the kidney, preserving the rest, while a radical nephrectomy removes the whole kidney. The choice depends on the size and position of the problem.
Related
Other surgery
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — procedure and treatment guidance
- British Association of Urological Surgeons / relevant professional body
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