Camera test
Bronchoscopy
A bronchoscopy is a test where a thin camera is passed into the airways and lungs, usually through the nose or mouth, to look for and sample problems.
Quick answer
Bronchoscopy: what it is and what the results mean
A bronchoscopy uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera, passed into the windpipe and airways, to examine the lungs from the inside. Samples of tissue or fluid can be taken during the test.
- Why it is done: It is used to investigate a persistent cough, coughing up blood, an abnormal chest scan or possible infection or cancer, and to take samples or clear blockages from the airways.
- Understanding results: The doctor may describe what the airways look like soon afterwards, while samples such as biopsies or washings take longer to process.
What it is
A bronchoscopy uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera, passed into the windpipe and airways, to examine the lungs from the inside. Samples of tissue or fluid can be taken during the test.
Why it is done
It is used to investigate a persistent cough, coughing up blood, an abnormal chest scan or possible infection or cancer, and to take samples or clear blockages from the airways.
What to expect
You are asked not to eat beforehand. The nose and throat are numbed and sedation is usually offered. The tube is passed through the nose or mouth into the airways; the test typically takes 20–40 minutes.
Understanding the results
The doctor may describe what the airways look like soon afterwards, while samples such as biopsies or washings take longer to process. Findings guide diagnosis and are explained once you have recovered.
Good to know
Risks and limitations
Bronchoscopy is generally safe; common after-effects include a sore throat, cough or mild hoarseness. Less common risks include bleeding, infection or, rarely, a collapsed lung. Sedation means you will need someone to take you home.
Education and reference only. This explains the test in general terms and is not medical advice. Always follow the specific instructions from the team arranging your test, and discuss your results with your clinician.
Answers
Bronchoscopy: frequently asked questions
Is a bronchoscopy painful?
It is not usually painful, as the airways are numbed and sedation is offered. It can feel uncomfortable and cause coughing, and a mild sore throat afterwards is common.
How long does it take to recover from a bronchoscopy?
Most people recover within a few hours, though you should not eat or drink until the throat numbness wears off. If you had sedation, arrange for someone to take you home and avoid driving that day.
Related tests
Other camera test investigations
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — diagnostic guidance
- Royal College of Radiologists / relevant professional body
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