Camera test
Endoscopy
An endoscopy uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera to look inside the body — commonly the food pipe, stomach and upper bowel. It helps find the cause of symptoms like heartburn or swallowing problems.
Quick answer
Endoscopy: what it is and what the results mean
An endoscopy passes a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera (an endoscope) into the body to view the lining of internal passages directly on a screen.
- Why it is done: An upper endoscopy (gastroscopy) investigates symptoms such as persistent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, indigestion, or bleeding, and can take samples (biopsies) or treat some problems.
- Understanding results: The doctor often sees the lining directly and can describe findings straight away; biopsy results take longer.
What it is
An endoscopy passes a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera (an endoscope) into the body to view the lining of internal passages directly on a screen.
Why it is done
An upper endoscopy (gastroscopy) investigates symptoms such as persistent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, indigestion, or bleeding, and can take samples (biopsies) or treat some problems.
What to expect
For a gastroscopy the tube is passed through the mouth; you may have a throat spray or sedation. It usually takes 10–15 minutes. You are asked not to eat for a few hours beforehand.
Understanding the results
The doctor often sees the lining directly and can describe findings straight away; biopsy results take longer. The procedure can both diagnose and sometimes treat (for example stopping bleeding).
Good to know
Risks and limitations
Endoscopy is generally safe; the throat may feel sore afterwards. Serious complications are uncommon. If you have sedation you will need someone to take you home and should not drive that day.
Education and reference only. This explains the test in general terms and is not medical advice. Always follow the specific instructions from the team arranging your test, and discuss your results with your clinician.
Answers
Endoscopy: frequently asked questions
Is an endoscopy uncomfortable?
It can be uncomfortable but is usually well tolerated; a numbing throat spray or sedation makes it easier. It typically takes only 10–15 minutes.
What is a biopsy during endoscopy?
It is a tiny tissue sample taken painlessly through the endoscope and sent to the lab for examination — for example to check for infection, inflammation or abnormal cells.
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Other camera test investigations
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — diagnostic guidance
- Royal College of Radiologists / relevant professional body
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