Camera test
Proctoscopy
A proctoscopy is a quick examination of the back passage (anus and lower rectum) using a short, rigid instrument, often to check for haemorrhoids.
Quick answer
Proctoscopy: what it is and what the results mean
A proctoscopy uses a proctoscope — a short, hollow instrument with a light — to look at the anal canal and lower rectum. It is a simple examination often carried out in a clinic.
- Why it is done: It is used to investigate rectal bleeding, itching, pain, lumps or discharge, and to diagnose and sometimes treat conditions such as haemorrhoids (piles), anal fissures and other problems of the anal canal.
- Understanding results: The doctor can usually tell you what was seen straight away, such as haemorrhoids or a fissure, and discuss treatment.
What it is
A proctoscopy uses a proctoscope — a short, hollow instrument with a light — to look at the anal canal and lower rectum. It is a simple examination often carried out in a clinic.
Why it is done
It is used to investigate rectal bleeding, itching, pain, lumps or discharge, and to diagnose and sometimes treat conditions such as haemorrhoids (piles), anal fissures and other problems of the anal canal.
What to expect
You lie on your side. The doctor first does a finger examination, then gently inserts the lubricated proctoscope for a few moments to view the area, sometimes asking you to bear down. It takes only a few minutes and no sedation is needed.
Understanding the results
The doctor can usually tell you what was seen straight away, such as haemorrhoids or a fissure, and discuss treatment. If bleeding is unexplained, further tests of the higher bowel may be arranged.
Good to know
Risks and limitations
It is very safe with only brief discomfort. Because it examines only the lowest part of the bowel, a normal proctoscopy does not exclude problems higher up, which may need a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
Education and reference only. This explains the test in general terms and is not medical advice. Always follow the specific instructions from the team arranging your test, and discuss your results with your clinician.
Answers
Proctoscopy: frequently asked questions
Is a proctoscopy the same as a sigmoidoscopy?
No. A proctoscopy examines only the anus and lowest rectum with a short rigid tube, while a flexible sigmoidoscopy uses a longer bendy camera to see further up the bowel.
Do I need bowel preparation?
Usually not, or only a small enema beforehand. Because it looks only at the lowest part of the bowel, extensive preparation is not normally required — you will be told if any is needed.
Related tests
Other camera test investigations
Sources
Where this is drawn from
- NHS — Tests and treatments
- NICE — diagnostic guidance
- Relevant royal college / professional body
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